Evaluación y Validación de una Escala para medir Competencias Digitales en Estudiantes de Secundaria

Introduction: This study identifies and validates the underlying dimensions of digital competencies in ICT through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Methodology: The scale was administered in a secondary education institution, with a randomly and conveniently selected sample of 330 students. The instrument, based on previous studies, consists of 25 items on a 5-point Likert scale, with content validity reviewed by two experts. Results: After refining item wording and removing five items, the EFA identified four factors: information search and selection (SEARCH), technical skills (TECH), digital communication (COM), and information storage and management (STOR). The CFA confirmed the model’s adequacy, showing acceptable fit indices and significant factor loadings. Discussion: The four-factor structure demonstrated excellent fit and high reliability (ω = 0.904, α = 0.873); however, the STOR factor requires revision due to low convergent validity. Compared to previous studies, it shares similarities in some factors but organizes digital competencies differently. Conclusions: The findings support the scale’s validity as a robust instrument for assessing digital competencies in ICT in secondary education, providing an empirical foundation for future research.