Activación química del bagazo de caña de azúcar (Saccharwn officinarum) en la adsorción de níquel (II) en efluentes industriales

Sugarcane bagasse Saccharum officinarum was used as a precursor on nickel (II) adsorption present in coal mining effluents. The sample of bagasse was dried, smashed and sieved until obtaining an adequate granulometry, then it was activated with H₃PO₄ 40%p/p during 14 hours, the materials were pyrolized for one hour at 400 and 500°C respectively, obtaining prepared activated coal (PAC-400 y PAC-500). The specific area was determined by using the conventional procedure of Brunauer-Emmen-Teller (BET). The areas (S_BET) at CAP-400 and CAP-500 were of 994 and 1344 m²/g respectively. Solutions of nitrate of nickel Ni(NO₃)₂, at initial concentrations (Co) of 50,100 and 150 mg/L, had a treatment with the PAC, in a contact time of 1 hour and 25°C, the operational pH were 5,0; 5,5 and 6,0. The PAC at 500°C can remove 85,66% of nickel with an Co of 50 mg/L at pH 5,5. The essays at pH 5 and 6 presented a nickel removal of 83,87 and 83,65% respectively. For a Co of 100 and 150 mg/L of Ni(NO₃) ₂ the removal percentage lows. This tendency was similar to the ones with the PAC at 400°C. For the industrial effluent the removal percentage was 96,03%.